Zirconium oxide nanoparticles (nanoparticle systems) are increasingly investigated for their promising biomedical applications. This is due to their unique structural properties, including high biocompatibility. Experts employ various techniques for the preparation of these nanoparticles, such as sol-gel process. Characterization methods, including

Nanomaterials have emerged as promising platforms for a wide range of applications, owing to their unique characteristics. In particular, graphene, with its exceptional electrical conductivity and mechanical strength, has garnered significant attention in the field of material science. However, the full potential of graphene can be significantly en